ABSTRACT
The soft tissue profile is one of the main concerns of orthodontic treatment. Naso labial angle (NLA) is one of the soft tissue cephalometric parameters being routinely analyzed in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. A study is undertaken on the correlation of naso labial angle to effective maxillary and mandibular lengths, in patients with class II malocclusion. The mean NLA and maxillary and mandibular lengths in males and females with class II malocclusion and also the mean NLA for subjects in the different categories of crowding (Category 1 and Category 2) in patients with class II malocclusion is presented in the results. Positive correlations observed between NLA and maxillary and mandibular lengths were statistically not significant.
ABSTRACT
Coeliac Trunk (CT), the first ventral branch of the abdominal aorta is the major source of blood supply to the supracolic abdominal compartment. Usually, it branches into the splenic, common hepatic and left gastric arteries to supply this region. Anatomical variations of celiac trunk and its branching pattern frequently found during cadaveric dissection and diagnostic radiological imaging have been reported by numerous authors. Although the variations in coeliac trunk are usually asymptomatic, they may become important in patients undergoing diagnostic angiography for gastrointestinal bleeding or prior to an operative procedure. The knowledge of this results in more accurate treatment. In the past many years, investigators have classified the CT based on its branching pattern. However, these classifications have not been able to encompass all the types of variations that have been reported till date. Therefore, in this article we have tried to include most of the types of variations reported till date and put forward a new classification of CT that incorporates most of the variations reported so far. Besides this an attempt has been made to explain the embryological basis of these variations.
ABSTRACT
Platelet volume indices, estimated by automated blood cell analyzers, are useful in the diagnosis of various conditions with abnormal platelet counts. Platelet count (PLT), Platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR), Platelet distribution width (PDW) and mean platelet volume (MPV) were studied in 779 patients with normal platelet counts, 74 patients with high platelet counts and 41 cases with low platelet counts. P-LCR was significantly decreased in patients with thrombocytosis than in normal while it was increased in thrombocytopenia. In patients with high counts, P-LCR was significantly decreased in reactive thrombocytosis than neoplastic thrombocytosis. P-LCR was increased in destructive thrombocytopenia than those with hypoproliferative thrombocytopenia though it was not statistically significant. P-LCR was inversely related to platelet count and directly related to PDW and MPV. Platelet large cell ratio if properly utilised can be a good aid in the differential diagnosis of conditions associated with abnormal platelet counts.